Final answer:
Osteocalcin is indeed a hormone produced by bone cells, which is a True statement. Statement about bone-cartilage composition at birth, the equivalence of broken bones and fractures, and the role of estrogen in bone production are confirmed as true. (option A is the correct answer).
Step-by-step explanation:
To ensure strong bones, it is important to participate in weight-bearing exercises and maintain a diet sufficient in calcium and vitamin D. Nutrition plays a critical role in bone health, and getting enough of these nutrients can help reduce the risk of bone-related health issues such as osteoporosis and fractures.
Osteocalcin is indeed a hormone produced by bone cells, which is a True statement. Your vertebrae are part of your spinal column and do not makeup part of the rib cage, so this statement is False. As for the bones and their skeleton classification: A. The ossicles of the middle ear are part of the axial skeleton. B. The femur is part of the appendicular skeleton. C. The phalanges are part of the appendicular skeleton. D. The bones of the cranium are part of the axial skeleton. E. The ilium is part of the appendicular skeleton.
In response to the statement that most bones are made entirely of cartilage at birth, this is true as bones develop and harden over time from cartilage. A broken bone does indeed constitute a bone fracture, so this statement is also True. It is critical to build sufficient bone mass in young adult years to prevent issues such as osteoporosis later in life. Estrogen has a role in promoting the production of new bone, making this statement True.