Final answer:
The electromagnetic spectrum includes gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, microwaves, and radio waves, each with distinct wavelengths and applications, such as medical imaging for x-rays and telecommunications for microwaves. All options are correct and connected.
Step-by-step explanation:
The electromagnetic spectrum is divided into regions based on the wavelength and frequency of electromagnetic radiation. These regions include gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet (UV), visible light, infrared (IR), microwaves, and radio waves. Each type of radiation within the spectrum has unique characteristics and is used in different ways.
For example, gamma rays have the shortest wavelengths and consequently the highest energy, being used in medical treatments and astrophysical observations. X-rays, which are just slightly longer in wavelength than gamma rays, are commonly used in medical imaging. UV radiation is known for its ability to cause sunburn but also plays a crucial role in vitamin D synthesis in the skin.
Visible light represents only a small portion of the spectrum, consisting of wavelengths that range from about 380 to 740 nanometers (nm). Infrared light, with its longer wavelengths, is often associated with heat and is used in a variety of technology such as remote controls and thermal imaging. Microwaves are longer still and are widely used in telecommunications and cooking, while radio waves, which have the longest wavelengths, are utilized in radio and TV broadcasting as well as other forms of communication.