Final answer:
The absolute phrases in the sentence are "her shoulders rising" and "her heart beating quickly," which provide additional but non-essential information about the diver's actions and state. The correct options from the list would be "her shoulders rising" and "her heart beating quickly."
Step-by-step explanation:
The task is to identify the absolute phrases in a sentence. An absolute phrase is a group of words that modifies an independent clause as a whole. It typically consists of a noun or pronoun and some modifiers, often including a participle, and it does not contain a finite verb. These phrases provide additional information but can be removed without altering the structure of the sentence.
In the provided sentence, the two absolute phrases are "her shoulders rising," and "her heart beating quickly." Here, both phrases give extra information about the subject's state and actions and can be extracted without damage to the grammatical integrity of the sentence.
The correct options from the list would be "her shoulders rising" and "her heart beating quickly." The other options "before" and "the diver took a deep breath" are not absolute phrases as they either serve as prepositions or constitute the main clause of the sentence, respectively.