Final answer:
The flow rate of water from a hole can be calculated using Torricelli's law. For a hole 10 cm² in area and 5m below the water surface, the flow rate is approximately 0.0099 m³/s. To determine when an aquifer is no longer confined, the aquifer's volume and extraction rate must be known.
Step-by-step explanation:
The original question seems to have typographical errors or irrelevant content, but based on the provided context, we can address a similar physics problem involving fluid dynamics. To calculate the flow rate of water emerging from a hole, we can apply Torricelli's law.
Using the provided example, for a large container with a hole 5 meters below the water surface, we calculate the initial velocity of water flowing out using the equation v = sqrt(2gh), where g is the acceleration due to gravity and h is the depth of the hole below the water surface. The flow rate (Q) is then found by multiplying the velocity by the area (A) of the hole.
For example, if the hole's area is 10 cm² = 0.001 m² and h = 5 m, the velocity v is sqrt(2 × 9.81 m/s² × 5 m) ≈ 9.9 m/s. Therefore, the flow rate Q would be 0.001 m² × 9.9 m/s ≈ 0.0099 m³/s. Applying this to an aquifer, the time it would take to deplete it would depend on the aquifer's volume and the rate at which water is being removed. Without the aquifer's volume, we cannot provide a specific answer to when the aquifer is no longer confined.