Final answer:
Logos is a rhetorical device that appeals to the audience's logic and reasoning, using clear argumentation and evidence to persuade. It differs from ethos, which appeals to credibility, and pathos, which appeals to emotion. The correct answer to the question is option c, an appeal to logic and factual reasoning.
Step-by-step explanation:
The rhetorical device logos is an appeal to logic and factual reasoning. When using logos, a speaker or writer appeals to the audience's intelligence by presenting clear and rational arguments backed by credible evidence, such as facts, statistics, and sound reasoning. Unlike pathos, which appeals to emotions, or ethos, which establishes the speaker's credibility and ethics, logos focuses on constructing a well-reasoned argument to persuade the audience. For instance, when arguing for more police presence at the Capitol, using straightforward language and avoiding exaggerated claims unsupported by evidence demonstrate logos effectively.
Understanding the general purpose of a speech or piece of writing, recognizing the specific rhetorical situation, and knowing the audience are all vital in determining when to use rhetorical appeals like logos. This logical approach to persuasion aligns with the audience's capacity for critical thinking and their quest for factual evidence, helping to move them towards a sensible and acceptable conclusion.
Logos is the correct answer to the student's question as it is an appeal to logic and factual reasoning (option c).