Final answer:
Site-specific art refers to artwork designed to exist in a specific location, integrating with that space and often considering its cultural and historical context. It emerged in contrast to the museum-oriented display of art and is part of a movement including land and environmental art.
Step-by-step explanation:
An artwork produced to survive in a particular location is called site-specific art. This form of art takes into consideration the environment or space it is created for, engaging the viewer and complementing its location. The concept was advanced by artist Robert Irwin, building on the works of sculptors like Patricia Johanson and Dennis Oppenheim, who pioneered site-specific public commissions. Site-specific art is part of a broader movement that includes land art and environmental art, but it stands out as it is not restricted to any single medium or landscape.
The emergence of site-specific art was a counter-movement against the tradition of displaying transportable art objects in museums, showcasing artwork that belonged to royal or elite backgrounds. Instead, site-specific art focuses on the relationship between the artwork and its surrounding context, considering both historical and contemporary implications. It transforms the perception of art as an isolated object into an integrative part of the cultural and environmental setting.