Final answer:
The number of wave crests passing a fixed location per unit of time is called the frequency.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is a) Frequency. Frequency is the number of wave crests passing a fixed location per unit of time. It is measured in hertz (Hz), which is the number of cycles per second. Higher frequency waves have more wave crests passing a fixed location in a given amount of time, while lower frequency waves have fewer wave crests passing a fixed location in the same amount of time.