Final answer:
The inner planets group, including Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, experiences rapid heat dissipation due to their limited atmospheres. the correct answer is (c) .
Step-by-step explanation:
These inner planets have thin or virtually no atmospheres, unlike gas giants such as Jupiter and Saturn. Earth's atmosphere, for example, retains heat through the greenhouse effect, but Mercury and Mars, with minimal atmospheres, lack this insulation.
In the absence of a substantial atmosphere to trap heat, the inner planets quickly lose thermal energy into space. This phenomenon is evident in Mercury, where temperatures range from scorching highs of 430°C during the day to frigid lows at night due to the absence of an atmosphere to moderate temperature extremes.
The lack of a significant atmosphere on inner planets like Mercury and Mars results in rapid heat dissipation, making option (c) the correct choice. This characteristic contributes to the extreme temperature variations experienced on these planets, emphasizing the crucial role of atmospheres in regulating planetary temperatures.