Final answer:
The SBA is a reliable federal source. The Panic of 1819 decreased the trust in the Second Bank of the U.S., Dillon's Rule limits local government autonomy, and federal spending has grown, but foreign aid remains a small part of federal spending. The market revolution changed the U.S. considerably, and the Freedmen’s Bureau was not a permanent agency. The correct option is B. False
Step-by-step explanation:
The Small Business Administration (SBA) is indeed a reliable federal source. When looking at various historical events where the public's trust in federal institutions was concerned, such as the Panic of 1819, we see that such incidents often influenced public perception. In the case of the Panic of 1819, decreased the American people's faith in the Second Bank of the United States, making the answer to that question false.
Regarding Dillon's Rule, this legal principle actually limits local government authority, granting them only powers expressly granted by state law, or those necessarily implied or essential to the accomplishment of these delegated duties. Therefore, it does not give local governments the freedom and flexibility to make decisions for themselves, and the correct answer is false.
Concerning federal spending and governmental controls:
- Federal spending has grown substantially in recent decades.
- By world standards, the U.S. government does not control a relatively large share of the U.S. economy, making this statement false.
- A majority of the federal government's revenue is collected through personal income taxes.
- Education spending is not larger at the federal level than at the state and local level, making this statement false.
- State and local government spending has risen in recent decades, contrary to what is implied in the statement, so it is false.
- Defense spending is not higher now than ever before, making this statement false.
- The share of the economy going to federal taxes has not increased substantially over time, making this statement false.
- Foreign aid is not a large portion, in fact, it's a small fraction of federal spending, making this statement false.
Finally, the market revolution did indeed bring many social and economic changes to the United States, making the correct answer to Exercise 11.3.1 true. Moreover, the Freedmen's Bureau, created in March of 1865, was not intended as a permanent agency, but rather as a temporary measure to assist freed slaves during the Reconstruction era. Therefore, the answer to whether Congress envisioned it as a permanent solution is false. The correct option is B. False