Final answer:
The process of shaping behavior through the interaction of cognitions, behavior, and environment is termed social learning theory, which involves reciprocal determinism and acknowledges the importance of cognitive processes in learning.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of molding behavior through the reciprocal interaction of a person's cognitions, behavior, and environment is defined as social learning theory. This theory, developed by psychologist Albert Bandura, posits that such interactions involve a concept known as reciprocal determinism, where cognitive processes, behavior, and context all influence each other. Bandura's social-cognitive theory extends beyond the scope of traditional behaviorism by recognizing the vital role of cognitive processes in learning and personality development. Unlike traditional behaviorists, who might emphasize only environmental factors, Bandura highlights that internal cognitive states and observational learning contribute significantly to shaping an individual’s personality.
Key Concepts in Social Learning Theory
- Reciprocal Determinism: The mutual influence among thoughts, actions, and the environment.
- Observational Learning: Learning through watching others and imitating their actions.
- Self-Efficacy: The belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations.
According to this theory, an individual's behavior is not solely determined by environmental influences, as Skinner proposed in operant conditioning, or by preceding stimuli, as seen in classical conditioning. Instead, it is a dynamic and reciprocal interaction that shapes personality development.