Final answer:
The optimal temperature for fermentation in yeast, as determined by the highest CO₂ production, is 35°C. Increasing CO₂ production was observed with rising temperature up to 35°C, after which it decreased, indicating a decline in fermentation activity. option d is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The optimal temperature for fermentation in yeast, given the data showing the mass of carbon dioxide produced at various temperatures, is 35°C. At 35°C, the yeast produced the highest amounts of CO₂ in both trials (5.17g and 4.97g), indicating the highest rate of fermentation activity.
Yeast is known to perform alcoholic fermentation in the absence of oxygen, where sugars are converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide. This process is exploited in various industries to make bread, beer, and wine. As fermentation rates in yeast are sensitive to temperature, determining the optimal temperature is crucial for maximizing fermentation efficiency.
In summary, based on the data provided:
20°C: 1.81g in trial 1 and 1.94g in trial 2
25°C: 2.91g in trial 1 and 2.75g in trial 2
30°C: 4.10g in trial 1 and 4.06g in trial 2
35°C: 5.17g in trial 1 and 4.97g in trial 2
40°C: 2.23g in trial 1 and 1.91g in trial 2
Therefore, the answer is option d. 35 degrees.