Final answer:
The 18th Amendment was the constitutional change that established the prohibition of alcohol in 1920 in the US, which was later repealed by the 21st Amendment in 1933. The correct answer is option: C) 18th Amendment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The amendment that established the prohibition of alcohol in the United States in 1920 was the 18th Amendment. This constitutional change came into effect with the ratification of the amendment in January 1919, and it took effect one year later. The 18th Amendment specifically prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of intoxicating liquors, effectively leading to the era known as Prohibition.
Although it didn't outlaw the consumption of alcohol outright, the ensuing Volstead Act enforced the amendment by banning the consumption of alcoholic beverages and was stricter on the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcohol. The goal of Prohibition was to address societal problems caused by alcohol consumption. Despite the intentions, the 18th Amendment was repealed in 1933 by the 21st Amendment, ending Prohibition.