Final answer:
The cytoplasm is the entire region within the plasma membrane of a cell, excluding its nucleus in eukaryotic cells. It consists of cytosol, organelles, the cytoskeleton, and various other molecules, and is essential for cellular metabolism and structure.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cytoplasm refers to the entire region within a cell that is enclosed by the plasma membrane but outside the nucleus, in eukaryotic cells. This includes a gel-like substance known as cytosol, which is primarily made up of water but also contains proteins, sugars, amino acids, nucleic acids, fatty acids, ions, and various other organic molecules. Within the cytoplasm, there are also organelles, such as ribosomes, which are responsible for protein synthesis, and the cytoskeleton, which helps maintain the shape of the cell and organizes its components.
The water content of the cytoplasm contributes significantly to the cell's weight and properties. However, besides water, the cytoplasm is the hub of cellular metabolism and other crucial processes that sustain life at the cellular level, allowing for growth, reproduction, and response to environmental stimuli.