Final answer:
Trademarks for company logos are considered intellectual property, which includes patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secret laws, and protect the rights of inventors and creators of original works.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept of intellectual property encompasses various forms of protection for creations of the mind. Of the options provided, trademarks for company logos are considered intellectual property. Trademarks protect symbols, names, and slogans used to identify goods or services. It is important to distinguish intellectual property from personal opinions, facts and figures, and mathematical formulas, as the latter are generally not protected in the same way. Facts and figures published in a newspaper article are not protected, as they are considered public domain. Personal opinions expressed in a blog post can't be trademarked or copyrighted but could be protected under defamation law if they meet certain criteria. Mathematical formulas used in a scientific research paper are not intellectual property as they are considered discoveries rather than inventions. Overall, trademarks are a critical element of intellectual property law.