Final answer:
During the Enlightenment, individuals valued independent thinking and challenged traditional views, inspired by the Scientific Revolution and figures like Isaac Newton and Voltaire.
Step-by-step explanation:
Individuals who valued independent thinking and learning during the Enlightenment met in groups to discuss and advance ideas inspired by the Scientific Revolution. This period was characterized by thinkers and philosophers who embraced reason and empirical evidence rather than traditional beliefs, and who influenced society by questioning longstanding institutions, including religion and the monarchy. Influential figures such as Isaac Newton, Voltaire, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau led the charge in promoting a rational view of the universe and advocating for a society based upon natural laws, which helped shape the political and scientific landscapes of the era.