Question

Design a synchronous modulo 3 counter. ( That is, one that continually counts in the sequence 0, 1, 2, 0,1, 2, ....) using (a) D-type and (b) JK- flip-flops.

Answer 1

Designing a synchronous modulo 3 counter can be done using D-type or JK flip-flops by setting up toggling logic and reset conditions to ensure the counter cycles through states representing 0, 1, and 2.

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct answer is option Engineering. A synchronous modulo 3 counter can be designed using either D-type or JK flip-flops. In a modulo 3 counter, the counter sequences through three states, representing the numbers 0, 1, and 2, and then returns to 0 to repeat the count.

• Use two D-type flip-flops, since two flip-flops can represent four states and we need only three states.
• You need to have a reset mechanism that sets the state to 00 whenever the count reaches 2, or in binary, 10.
• Configure the D input of the flip-flops such that the first flip-flop toggles every clock cycle (D1 = Q1'), and the second flip-flop toggles only when the first flip-flop is high (D2 = Q1 AND Q2').
• Implement a reset function that monitors when Q1 AND Q2 are high, indicating a count of 2, and then resets both flip-flops to 0.

• With JK flip-flops, configure both JK inputs to be 1 (i.e., toggle mode) for both flip-flops.
• The clock of the second flip-flop should be connected to the Q output of the first flip-flop.
• Similar to the D-type, implement a reset that sets both flip-flops to 0 when the count exceeds 2.

Both designs will achieve a three-state cycle counting from 0 to 2 and then returning to 0, providing a continuous count in the desired sequence.