Final answer:
The different types of differential stresses and their associated tectonic settings are compressive stress at convergent boundaries, tensile stress at divergent boundaries, and shear stress at transform boundaries.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two main types of stresses that occur in the Earth's crust are compressive stress, tensile stress, and shear stress. Compressive stress occurs when rocks are pushed together, tensile stress occurs when rocks pull away from each other, and shear stress occurs when rocks move horizontally past each other. These types of stresses are associated with different tectonic settings.
Compressive stress is typically associated with convergent boundaries, where two plates are colliding. Tensile stress is associated with divergent boundaries, where two plates are moving away from each other. And shear stress is associated with transform boundaries, where two plates are sliding past each other horizontally.
Tectonic stress, which refers to the overall stress on the Earth's crust, can also occur in sedimentary environments. Sedimentary basins can experience a variety of tectonic stresses, including compressive, tensile, and shear stresses, depending on the tectonic setting and forces acting on the rocks.