Final answer:
Holistic perceivers are individuals who see objects as complete wholes rather than as a collection of separate parts. The correct answer is 'd. Holistic perceivers', and this concept is connected to Gestalt psychology's view of perception being influenced by our perceptual set and cultural background.
Step-by-step explanation:
People who do NOT clearly differentiate the shape, color, size, or other qualities of individual items are known as holistic perceivers. This term describes individuals who perceive objects in their entirety rather than focusing on specific parts or attributes. Gestalt psychology, founded by theorists such as Max Wertheimer, suggested that our perceptions are more than just the sum of sensory inputs. Gestalt psychologists would argue that we organize sensory information according to principles like figure-ground relationship, proximity, similarity, continuity, and closure. These principles help us perceive a unified shape or form, rather than disparate parts.
For the question, the correct answer is d. Holistic perceivers. This relates to how our perceptual set, influenced by our experiences, expectations, and cultural background, can shape the way we perceive the world. Cultural factors, for example, significantly affect our perceptions, such as individuals from a carpentered world being more prone to visual illusions like the Müller-Lyer illusion compared to those from non-Western cultures with a less geometrically structured environment.