Final answer:
Bipolar cells are the neurons in the eye that connect neurons from the retina to ganglion cells in a circuit that involves photoreceptor cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
The neurons in the eye that have only one axon and one dendrite and connect neurons from the retina to the ganglion cells are bipolar cells. In the retina, the photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) change their membrane potential when stimulated by light energy. The change in membrane potential alters the amount of neurotransmitter that the photoreceptor cells release onto bipolar cells in the outer synaptic layer. The bipolar cell then connects a photoreceptor to a retinal ganglion cell (RGC) in the inner synaptic layer.