Final answer:
The ability to judge the distance between oneself and other objects is called 'Depth Perception B. Perception.' It involves understanding spatial relationships in a 3-D space and is based on both monocular and binocular cues, which help the brain interpret depth from the two-dimensional visual field.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ability to judge the distance between yourself and other objects is referred to as depth perception. This ability enables us to perceive spatial relationships in three-dimensional (3-D) space, allowing us to understand the arrangement of objects in our environment, including what's in front, behind, or to the side of something else. Crucial to depth perception are both monocular cues and binocular cues. While monocular cues can be derived from a two-dimensional image and require just one eye (like overlapping objects or relative size), binocular cues rely on the slight differences between the images seen by each eye, such as retinal disparity caused by the different positions of our eyes. Together, these cues allow the brain to interpret depth from the two-dimensional visual field.
Using both monocular and binocular cues, we can accurately estimate the three-dimensional layout of our surroundings, even from a flat image. Hence, the answer to the question would be 'Depth Perception B. Perception.' Depth perception is essential for everyday tasks, from simple actions like reaching out to grab a pen to complex activities such as driving a car.