Final answer:
An essentialist perspective on gender sees gender as innate and biologically determined, while a constructivist perspective views it as socially constructed and fluid.
Step-by-step explanation:
An essentialist perspective on gender sees gender as innate and biologically determined, while a constructivist perspective views it as socially constructed and fluid. Essentialism emphasizes fixed gender roles, while constructivism acknowledges the diversity and evolution of gender roles. The essentialist perspective tends to reinforce traditional gender norms, while the constructivist perspective encourages the deconstruction of these norms. Additionally, the essentialist perspective assumes gender as binary (male/female), while the constructivist perspective recognizes a spectrum of gender identities.