Final answer:
In the formation of an ionic bond between sodium and chlorine, sodium donates an electron to chlorine, resulting in a sodium cation (Na+) and a chloride anion (Cl-). These oppositely charged ions attract each other, forming an ionic bond and a crystal lattice structure with a net zero charge.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the example of an ionic bond formation between sodium and chlorine, the correct statement is that sodium donates an electron to chlorine. Through this process, sodium becomes a sodium cation (Na+), which is positively charged, while chlorine becomes a chloride anion (Cl-), which is negatively charged. This electron transfer allows both sodium and chlorine to achieve a noble gas electron configuration, satisfying the octet rule.
An ionic bond is the attractive force that results from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. In the case of sodium chloride (table salt), positively charged sodium ions (Na+) and negatively charged chloride ions (Cl-) come together to form a crystalline structure with a net zero charge. This crystal lattice is held together by the ionic bonds between the ions.