Question

Select the items below that would fill in the blanks for the following sentence:

A triglyceride is made up of a ______________ and _______________.
A) amino acid backbone
B) glycerol backbone
C) glucose backbone
D) 2 fatty acid chains
E) cholesterol backbone
F) maltose backbone
G) 3 fatty acid chains
H) 4 fatty acid chains
I) 5 fatty acid chains
J) 1 fatty acid chain

Answer 1

A triglyceride is composed of a glycerol backbone and three fatty acid chains, bonded through dehydration synthesis. It is a form of energy storage in the body and a major component of body fat.

Step-by-step explanation:

A triglyceride is made up of a glycerol backbone and three fatty acid chains. The glycerol component of a triglyceride consists of three carbon atoms, each bearing a hydroxyl (-OH) group. Each of the three fatty acids, which are long chains of hydrocarbons with a carboxylic acid group at one end, is joined to the glycerol backbone through a dehydration synthesis reaction. During this process, each fatty acid's carboxyl group loses an -OH group while glycerol gives up a hydrogen atom, forming water and establishing an ester bond between the glycerol and fatty acid.

Collectively, these bonded molecules create a triglyceride which is a type of lipid that serves as a significant form of energy storage within the body. This structure is also the primary component of adipose tissue, or body fat, and plays a crucial metabolic role.

Answer 2

A triglyceride consists of a glycerol backbone and three fatty acid chains, linked through ester bonds formed by a dehydration synthesis reaction. The correct options to fill in the blanks for the sentence are B) glycerol backbone and G) 3 fatty acid chains.

Step-by-step explanation:

A triglyceride is made up of a glycerol backbone and three fatty acid chains. The glycerol molecule, which is an organic compound, has three carbons and three hydroxyl (OH) groups. Each of these hydroxyl groups is linked to a long fatty acid chain via a dehydration synthesis reaction, forming ester bonds and creating a triglyceride, which is the main component of body fat and is used for long-term energy storage in animals. The correct options to fill in the blanks for the sentence are B) glycerol backbone and G) 3 fatty acid chains.