Final answer:
Water chlorination kills many disease-causing organisms, but may not eliminate all, and the amount of chlorine added should be carefully controlled to prevent harm.
Step-by-step explanation:
Water chlorination is a process of disinfecting water by adding chlorine or other chemicals to kill bacteria and harmful organisms. While chlorinated compounds are relatively effective, they may not completely eliminate certain hardy organisms such as the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium. Additionally, excessive amounts of chlorine can be harmful to humans, while too little chlorine will not effectively kill harmful organisms.
Chlorine is commonly used in water treatment and purification processes, as well as in swimming pools. However, it reacts with proteins in human hair and skin, resulting in the distinct 'chlorine aroma' associated with swimming pools. Chloramine is a compound produced by the reaction of chlorine with amines in organic substances, and it is used as a disinfectant in drinking water. Ozone disinfection is another method that is widely used in Europe and some municipalities, as it is a powerful oxidizing agent toxic to most waterborne organisms.
In summary, water chlorination effectively kills many disease-causing organisms, but it may not completely eliminate certain hardy organisms. The amount of chlorine added must be carefully adjusted to ensure effectiveness while avoiding harm to humans.