Final answer:
The statement that temperatures are uniform and unchanging with altitude is false. Temperature generally decreases with altitude, and air density decreases exponentially with altitude in a constant temperature column, but temperature typically does change with altitude.
Step-by-step explanation:
Temperatures do not remain uniform and unchanging with altitude; thus, the statement is false. As one ascends through the atmosphere, the temperature generally decreases. This phenomenon occurs because the atmosphere becomes less dense with altitude, leading to less absorption of heat. Furthermore, the environmental lapse rate, which is the rate at which air temperature falls with increasing altitude, is typically around -6.5°C per 1000 meters in the troposphere.
Gravitational acceleration remains constant with altitude, but the density of a fluid, like air, does vary with temperature change. In the lower atmosphere, the density of air decreases with altitude and does so exponentially in a column of air of constant temperature. However, temperature does change with altitude, complicating this relationship.