Final answer:
The average temperature is primarily influenced by latitude, while the temperature range is greatly affected by continentality. Elevation and ocean currents are two factors that can cause locations at the same latitude to have different temperatures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mean (average) temperature of a given location on Earth is controlled primarily by its latitude, whereas its temperature range is controlled primarily by its continentality. Therefore, the correct answer is a) Latitude, Elevation. Latitude impacts the mean temperature because the closer a location is to the equator, the more direct sunlight it receives, typically leading to warmer temperatures. Meanwhile, continentality refers to how close or far a location is from the ocean, which affects the temperature range due to the moderating influence of large bodies of water.
Two reasons why two locations at the same latitude might have different temperatures are elevation and ocean currents. Higher elevations generally lead to cooler temperatures due to the lower atmospheric pressure and temperature. Ocean currents can bring warm or cold water to different regions, affecting local climates.