Final answer:
The statement that dawn and twilight duration increases with latitude is true because at higher latitudes, the sun sets and rises at a more oblique angle, leading to longer twilight periods.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'The duration of dawn and twilight tends to increase with increasing latitude' is True. This phenomenon occurs because as one moves closer to the poles, the angle at which the sun rises and sets becomes increasingly oblique, causing the period of twilight, when the sun is 18° below the horizon, to last longer. At higher latitudes, particularly near the poles, the sun does not go very far below the horizon during summer months, leading to prolonged periods of twilight.
Conversely, during the winter months, these regions experience prolonged darkness, contributing to the difficulty in making astronomical observations as the sun barely rises above the horizon, if at all. This, along with frequent cloud cover in these regions, greatly challenges observational astronomy during that time.