Final answer:
The statement that pure science involves making value judgments on moral or political correctness is false; science is objective and focused on empirical evidence. Theories do not become laws with time; they serve different purposes in scientific understanding. Science is a process involving the scientific method.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question whether pure science frequently involves the making of value judgments about the moral or political correctness of a fact, idea, or theory is false (B). Pure science aims to understand and explain phenomena in the natural world through empirical evidence and is driven by objective inquiry and evidence-based conclusions. While philosophers like Hilary Putnam and moral realists may challenge the strict separation between facts and values, suggesting that scientific facts themselves may be value-laden, the fundamental pursuit of science does not entail making moral or political judgments; these are typically considered part of ethical discussions within the philosophy of science rather than pure science itself.
It's important to note that when a theory is well-known and long-standing, it does not become a law (False). Scientific laws describe what happens under certain conditions and are often expressed mathematically, while theories explain why phenomena occur and are supported by a wide range of evidence.
Lastly, science is indeed a process; it involves a systematic and iterative method of inquiry—the scientific method—to explore hypotheses and theories, which can be further refined or refuted as more evidence is gathered.