Final answer:
Aristocracy is rule by a privileged noble class determined by lineage, with dispersed power among noble ranks, whereas Royal Authority centers power in a single ruler with absolute power, often justified by divine right.
Step-by-step explanation:
When examining what differentiates Aristocracy vs. Royal Authority, we are looking at two distinct forms of governance and social organization. Aristocracy refers to a governing body or social elite defined by heredity or social rank, whereby a small, privileged class wields power often through lineage or noble birth. In contrast, Royal Authority is centralized in a monarchy, where a single ruler, often a king or queen, holds supreme authority, frequently justified by the concept of divine right or another form of legitimacy.
Greek Class Systems and Aristocracy
In an Aristocracy, power is held by the noble class and is passed down through hereditary succession. Social rank plays a critical role in determining one's power and privileges, as seen within the complex ranking systems featuring detailed rules of conduct and inheritance.
Patrimonialism and Royal Authority
With Royal Authority, especially in more traditional systems like patrimonialism, the ruler's power is absolute and they may appoint officials based on personal preference, without a formal merit system. This contrasts with Aristocracy, where power is somewhat dispersed among various noble families and ranks.
Social Rank and Political Rank in Aristocracy
The structure of an aristocratic society is characterized by a hierarchy of ranks, where royal families and high court nobles dominate, followed by various other noble ranks with specific privileges and obligations, highlighting the concept of social stratification.
Aristotle's View on Monarchy and Aristocracy
Aristotle and Plato were concerned with the potential for tyranny within a monarchy and oligarchy within an aristocracy, leading to rule by a few in service of their own interests rather than the community's well-being.