Final answer:
For every mole of Mg(OH)2 that reacts with HCl, one mole of MgCl2 and two moles of water are produced in a balanced chemical equation representing a neutralization reaction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The balance of the chemical equation Mg(OH)₂ (s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl₂ (aq) + 2H₂O(l) indicates that for every mole of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) that reacts with 2 moles of hydrochloric acid (HCl), one mole of magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) and two moles of water (H₂O) are produced. This reaction is an example of a neutralization reaction where an acid reacts with a base to form a salt and water. In this case, magnesium chloride is the salt formed.