Question

Which of the following correctly shows the order in which the filtrate moves through the structures of the nephron?

a. Distal tubule - Loop of Henle - Proximal tubule - Collecting duct.
b. Collecting duct - Loop of Henle - Proximal tubule - Distal tubule.
c. Proximal tubule - Distal tubule - Collecting duct - Loop of Henle.
d. Proximal tubule - Loop of Henle - Distal tubule - Collecting duct.

Answer 1

Main Answer:

The correct order in which the filtrate moves through the structures of the nephron is: c. Proximal tubule - Distal tubule - Collecting duct - Loop of Henle.

Therefore, the correct answer is c).

Step-by-step explanation:

The process of urine formation in the nephron involves several key structures working together in a specific sequence. The journey begins in the renal corpuscle, where blood is filtered, and the filtrate enters the proximal tubule. This is where reabsorption and secretion processes initiate, crucial for maintaining the body's balance of water and solutes.

Following the proximal tubule, the filtrate proceeds to the Loop of Henle, which plays a pivotal role in concentrating urine by establishing an osmotic gradient. The distal tubule follows, where additional fine-tuning of electrolyte balance occurs through selective reabsorption and secretion.

The final phase involves the collecting duct, responsible for consolidating the filtrate and determining the final urine concentration. This step is critical for regulating water balance in response to the body's hydration needs.

Understanding the sequential movement of filtrate through these nephron components is fundamental to comprehending renal physiology and the intricate processes involved in maintaining homeostasis.

Therefore, the correct answer is c).

Answer 2

The filtrate moves through the nephron in the order of the proximal tubule, the Loop of Henle (descending and ascending loops), the distal tubule, and finally the collecting ducts. The statement that the collecting duct empties into the distal tubule is false; it connects to the renal pelvis. The nephron is crucial for waste filtration and homeostatic balance.

Therefore, the correct answer is c).

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct sequence in which the filtrate moves through the structures of the nephron is as follows: proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), descending loop of Henle, ascending loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule (DCT), and finally the collecting ducts. Therefore, the correct answer is Proximal tubule - Loop of Henle - Distal tubule - Collecting duct.

As for the statements about the nephron, the false one is 'The collecting duct empties into the distal convoluted tubule.' The collecting duct indeed receives filtrate from the distal convoluted tubule, but it does not empty into it; instead, it carries the urine to the renal pelvis.

The components of the nephron include: a. the ascending loop of Henle, b. the descending loop of Henle, c. the distal convoluted tubule, and d. Bowman's capsule, which surrounds the glomerulus. The loop of Henle is located between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules and it is the part that empties into the distal convoluted tubule. Overall, the nephron is essential for filtering waste and maintaining homeostasis.

Therefore, the correct answer is c).