Final answer:
The structure medial to the large intestine is the d. small intestine. The pancreas produces most fat-digesting enzymes, which are released into the small intestine where fat digestion occurs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The structure that is medial to the large intestine is the d. small intestine. When considering the anatomical position within the abdominal cavity, the small intestine is located centrally (medially) with the large intestine surrounding it more peripherally (laterally).
The stomach and liver are positioned more anteriorly, while the pancreas lies posterior to the stomach but is also considered medial in proximity compared to the large intestine.
Most fat-digesting enzymes are produced by the pancreas and are released into the duodenum of the small intestine, where the majority of fat digestion takes place.
The accessory organs of digestion such as the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are crucial in the process of digestion by secreting digestive substances and enzymes.
Key details include the mesenteric artery supplying the intestines, the role of the cecum in attaching to the appendix, and muscle contractions called peristalsis moving semi-solid waste in the large intestine.