Final answer:
Preschool children's cognitive development includes both sophisticated advancements and immature aspects of thinking. They display increased problem-solving abilities, curiosity, symbolic thinking, and conceptual understanding of time, alongside limitations like incomplete object permanence. Cognitive growth is influenced by a mix of genetic and environmental factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cognitive Development in Preschool Children
Cognitive development in preschool children is characterized by both advances and immaturities. Preschoolers make significant strides, evident in their ability to count, name colors, learn their name and age, make simple decisions, and engage in pretend play. They also show an understanding of basic time concepts such as before and after, and can anticipate the outcomes of stories.
However, alongside these advances are elements of immature thinking. This is seen in the way very young children may not have a firm grasp of object permanence, meaning they sometimes behave as if an object ceases to exist when it's out of sight. This stage of cognitive development is also marked by emergent symbolic thinking, a fascination with 'Why?' questions, and a love for stories, particularly those with humor.
Advancements in cognitive abilities are not solely based on genetics; they are influenced by both environmental factors and interactions with the world. Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development illustrates that thinking processes mature in stages, which are guided by both nature and nurture.