Final answer:
Throughout 600 CE to 1450 CE, significant migrations include the Viking settlements in the North Atlantic, Arab expansions with the spread of Islam, Mongol invasions across Eurasia, and the movement of Bantu-speaking peoples in Africa, all leading to cultural exchanges and conflicts.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the period of 600 CE to 1450 CE, several notable long-distance human migrations occurred. One example includes the Viking explorations and settlements from Scandinavia into the North Atlantic, where they reached Iceland, Greenland, and even North America (Vinland). Another migration was the Arab expansions due to the spread of Islam, resulting in the Arab conquests through North Africa, into Spain, and eastward toward South and Southeast Asia.
The Mongol invasions under Genghis Khan and his successors also led to large-scale migrations and the movement of peoples across the Eurasian steppe. Additionally, the period also witnessed the spread of the Bantu-speaking peoples in Sub-Saharan Africa, further diversifying the continent’s linguistic and cultural landscape.
These migrations had profound impacts on the societies involved. They resulted in the exchange of goods, technologies, and cultural practices, but also often involved conflicts and the spread of diseases like the Black Death, which had a devastating impact on populations in Asia, Europe, and parts of Africa.