Final answer:
NADH production does not occur in the Calvin cycle or light-dependent reactions (LDR); rather, ATP and NADPH are used in photosynthesis, whereas ATP and NADH are produced in cellular respiration.
Step-by-step explanation:
One thing that does not occur in either the Calvin cycle or the light-dependent reactions (LDR) is the production of NADH. The Calvin cycle, part of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, uses ATP and NADPH to convert carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into carbohydrates. On the other hand, the Krebs cycle, part of cellular respiration, produces ATP and NADH.
The Calvin cycle can be divided into three stages: fixation, reduction, and regeneration. During fixation, the enzyme RuBisCO catalyzes a reaction with CO₂ and ribulose biphosphate (RuBP). During the light-dependent reactions or LDR, occurring in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, energy from sunlight is converted into ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle then uses the energy from these molecules to produce glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GA3P) from CO₂ in the stroma of chloroplasts.
In contrast, cyclic photophosphorylation, like what occurs in cyanobacteria, involves electron transport, the use of photosystem I, and ATP synthesis, but it does not involve the formation of NADPH.