Question

X-rays from the sun's corona

A. are absorbed in Earth's thermosphere.
B. are absorbed in Earth's troposphere.
C. cause meteor showers.
D. generally reach Earth's surface and fry us.
E. break apart ozone in the stratosphere.

Answer 1

X-rays from the sun's corona primarily ionize atoms in Earth’s upper atmosphere, especially in the ionosphere, and are largely absorbed by the ozone layer in the stratosphere, thus preventing significant amounts from reaching Earth's surface.

Step-by-step explanation:

X-rays from the sun's corona have a significant impact on Earth's upper atmosphere. These high-energy photons are known to ionize atoms in the Earth's upper atmosphere, particularly in the ionosphere. During solar flares, the coronal X-rays and ultraviolet radiation significantly increase the level of ionization in the ionosphere, which can affect satellite operations and communications. Moreover, the Earth’s atmosphere, especially the stratosphere, plays a crucial role in protecting the surface from much of the sun’s high-energy radiation. The ozone layer in the stratosphere absorbs a significant amount of ultraviolet radiation, including some X-rays, shielding the Earth’s surface from these harmful rays.