Final answer:
Throughout the medieval period, Transylvania was primarily part of the Kingdom of Hungary, later coming under Ottoman influence and then Habsburg control towards the end of the period.
Step-by-step explanation:
The political status of Transylvania throughout the medieval period primarily saw it as part of the Kingdom of Hungary. In the later stages of the medieval era, particularly after the Ottoman conquests, Transylvania became a semi-independent principality under Ottoman suzerainty. However, it was at the end of the 17th century that Transylvania was lost by the Ottomans and came under Habsburg control, eventually becoming part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire after the fall of the Holy Roman Empire. Transylvania has a complex history due to the influence of various empires and the rising nationalism of its diverse ethnic groups, which included Hungarians, Romanians, and Germans.