Final answer:
In the context of Malthus, sympathy and empathy were considered part of the basis for morality, as they enhanced the survival of the group. Malthus believed that the only checks on population growth were war, disease, and famine, and therefore, he urged families to have fewer children to prevent widespread misery.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sympathy was a concept that was relevant in the era of both Malthus and Behram. In the context of Malthus, sympathy and empathy were considered part of the basis for morality, as they enhanced the survival of the group. Malthus believed that the only checks on population growth were war, disease, and famine, and therefore, he urged families to have fewer children to prevent widespread misery. While Malthus' theory was controversial, it influenced the understanding of population and poverty during the early 1800s. On the other hand, there is no specific information available about the concept of sympathy in the context of the Behram era.