Question

What are the fundamental units of RNA known as?

Answer 1

The fundamental units of RNA are known as nucleotides, which are made up of a nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate group. There are four major types of RNA that play different roles in protein synthesis.

Step-by-step explanation:

The fundamental units of RNA are known as nucleotides. RNA is made up of three main components:

1. Nitrogenous base: RNA has four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and uracil (U). The base sequence in RNA is complementary to the coding sequence of the DNA it is transcribed from.
2. Pentose sugar: RNA contains a ribose sugar, which differs from the deoxyribose sugar found in DNA.
3. Phosphate group: Each nucleotide in RNA is also attached to a phosphate group.

There are four major types of RNA: messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and microRNA (miRNA). Each type of RNA plays a specific role in the process of protein synthesis.