Final answer:
The correct answer is option a) Judaism
Step-by-step explanation:
The religion that was being attacked in the Skokie case was Judaism. This case highlighted issues of freedom of speech versus the right to be free from hate speech, as the National Socialist Party of America (a Nazi group), mainly consisting of uniformed men with swastikas, sought to march through the predominantly Jewish town of Skokie, Illinois, where many Holocaust survivors resided. The ACLU defended the Nazi group's right to freedom of speech, even though this group's ideology was aggressively anti-Semitic. The Supreme Court ultimately ruled in favor of the Nazis' right to march under the First Amendment, though the march itself never occurred in Skokie.
In the context of related historical and religious intolerance, the Crusaders attacked Jewish communities before they had even left Europe during the Crusading Movement. Additionally, Islam, Christianity, and Judaism are often discussed together as they share common traits and origins, all tracing back to Abraham. In different periods, these monotheistic religions have been tolerated or been subjected to conflicts, as evident by historical events like the Crusades and the Inquisition, where in 1492, the Spanish forced Jews and Muslims to either convert or leave.