Final answer:
Adam is conducting Static code analysis, which involves reviewing the source code for errors without running the program, unlike dynamic analysis, mutation testing, or fuzzing.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Adam is reviewing the source code of an application without actually executing it, he is conducting Static code analysis. This form of testing involves examining the code to find errors, potential bugs, or even security vulnerabilities. It differs from dynamic code analysis, which analyzes the program's behavior during execution, and from mutation testing, which is concerned with making small changes to the code to test the adequacy of test cases, and fuzzing, which involves inputting large amounts of random data to the program to check for issues like crashes.