Final answer:
The cathode side of the x-ray tube should be positioned over the thicker part of the anatomy for more uniform film density. Protective measures like lead aprons are also important for safety.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the positioning of the cathode side of the x-ray tube in medical imaging, which should be placed over the thicker part of the anatomy to ensure a more uniform film density. This is because x-rays are attenuated more by thicker or denser tissue, and placing the cathode side (which emits a greater intensity of x-rays due to the 'heel effect') towards the thicker part can help balance the exposure across the image. Additionally, measures such as using a lead apron and proper shielding are essential in reducing exposure to radiation for both patients and technicians.