Final answer:
The statement is true; the 16th Amendment allowed Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states, thus changing the original constitutional requirement for direct taxes to be apportioned based on population.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that this amendment replaced Article 1, Section 2, Clause 3 of the Constitution which REQUIRED that DIRECT taxes be apportioned among the states is true. The 16th Amendment fundamentally changed how taxes could be levied by the federal government. Originally, Article I, Section 2 of the Constitution required that direct taxes be apportioned among the states based on population. However, the 16th Amendment, ratified in 1913, allowed Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on the United States Census.
This amendment effectively negated the need for taxation to be directly apportioned among the states as per population, thus overriding the original clause dealing with direct taxes to the States.