Final answer:
K-selected species have fewer, but larger offspring and provide extensive parental care, while r-selected species have many small offspring with little to no parental care.
Step-by-step explanation:
In population biology, species can be categorized into two types based on their population growth strategies: K-selected and r-selected species. K-selected species, such as elephants, are adapted to stable environments and tend to exist close to their carrying capacity. They have fewer, but larger offspring and provide extensive parental care. In contrast, r-selected species, like jellyfish and dandelions, are adapted to unpredictable environments and have large numbers of small offspring with little to no parental care.