Final answer:
The differences between England and America post-French and Indian War centered around new British territorial claims, increased military presence, changed policies ending salutary neglect, Parliamentary revenue-raising actions, and the colonists' expectations versus reality, laying the groundwork for conflict and eventual revolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The period following the French and Indian War marked significant changes in the relationship between England and the American colonies. While the British Empire expanded territorially, claiming lands from Canada to Florida, the control over these lands was more nominal due to strong Native American confederacies. The presence of 10,000 British troops in North America post-war emphasized the need for defense and keeping peace. Victory over France also meant Great Britain incurred substantial war debts, with the expectation that the American colonists would contribute financially to alleviate these costs.
Legislative changes, such as new taxes and tighter control, ended the period of salutary neglect, causing friction between the colonies and Great Britain. The American colonists expected to be rewarded with access to land west of the Allegheny and Appalachian Mountains for their efforts in the war. Instead, they faced a series of acts from Parliament aimed to raise revenue, leading to the growing sentiment of 'no taxation without representation.' This laid the groundwork for resistance against British control and set the scene for future revolutionary movements.