Question

A male athlete reports to the athletic trainer expressing concern for recent painful urinations with traces of blood and purulent discharge. There has been no recent trauma. To whom should the athletic trainer refer this athlete to for further evaluation? Choose only one.

a. Oncologist
b. Nephrologist
c. Hematologist
d. Gastroenterologist
e. Family practice physician

Answer 1

A male athlete with symptoms of painful urination, blood in the urine, and purulent discharge should be referred to a nephrologist who is specialized in conditions affecting the urinary tract, including urinary tract infections and kidney-related conditions.

Step-by-step explanation:

A male athlete experiencing painful urination, blood in the urine, and purulent discharge should be referred to a medical specialist for further evaluation. These symptoms can be indicative of a urinary tract infection (UTI), which can involve inflammation of the urethra (urethritis) or bladder (cystitis). The presence of blood (hematuria) and pus is concerning and requires prompt medical attention. Given these symptoms, a nephrologist, who specializes in the kidneys and associated urinary system conditions, would be an appropriate referral. Nephrologists manage conditions such as blood or protein in the urine, kidney stones, and renal failure, in addition to UTIs.

While infections of the urinary tract most commonly cause symptoms such as painful urination and the presence of blood in the urine, it's important to rule out sexually transmitted infections as well, which can present with similar signs and is important for comprehensive patient care. In this case, the athlete's symptoms do not align with the areas of expertise of an oncologist, hematologist, gastroenterologist, or family practice physician as the first line of referral. Therefore, the athletic trainer should refer the athlete to a nephrologist for the proper diagnosis and treatment plan.