Final answer:
Physiological factors related to oxygen consumption include basal metabolic rate (BMR) and the level of physical activity, as energy and oxygen consumption are directly proportional. Pulse oximetry is used to measure oxygen levels, and hormones can influence oxygen transport by affecting the production of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG).
Step-by-step explanation:
The physiological factors that are linearly related to oxygen consumption can be understood from the perspective that energy consumption is directly proportional to oxygen consumption. This is because the process of digesting food essentially involves oxidizing it to produce energy. For each liter of oxygen consumed, approximately 20 kJ of energy are produced regardless of the food type. This measurement is crucial for understanding metabolic rates during various physical activities.
When considering the basal metabolic rate (BMR), which is the rate at which the body uses energy while at rest, oxygen consumption is a key indicator. The BMR is essential for sustaining vital functions like heart pumping and breathing. Moreover, the energy and oxygen consumption rates increase during activities that involve useful work, including climbing stairs or lifting weights, which require exerting forces over a distance on the outside world.
To further elaborate, pulse oximetry can be used to measure the amount of oxygen in blood, indicating metabolic rate and oxygen consumption. Additionally, factors such as hormones like androgens, epinephrine, thyroid hormones, and growth hormone can influence oxygen transport by erythrocytes.