Final answer:
The Plancher and McNamee cases likely pertain to legal immunity, whereas the material provided discusses biological immunity, specifically active and passive immunity, along with their natural and artificial subdivisions. These concepts are integral to understanding the adaptive immune system and its responses.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of immunity applied in both the Plancher and McNamee cases was likely legal immunity, which is not directly addressed in the provided reference material but is typically granted in the legal system to protect individuals under certain conditions. In contrast, the reference material discusses the concept of biological immunity, specifically the adaptive immune system, which can be classified into active and passive immunity.
Active immunity involves the body actively responding to a pathogen by producing its own antibodies and establishing immunological memory. Examples of active immunity include natural infection where the body produces antibodies and vaccination where an attenuated form of the pathogen stimulates the immune system. Passive immunity, on the other hand, is where antibodies are transferred from another source, such as through breast milk or antiserum administration, providing immediate, but temporary, protection.
Aside from active and passive immunity, there are two other distinctions: natural immunity, which occurs through exposure to the actual disease, and artificial immunity, which is obtained through medical procedures like vaccination. Immunity can also be subdivided into cell-mediated and humoral immune responses, depending on the type of white blood cells involved.