Final answer:
Collaborative problems involve multiple healthcare professionals for management, with infection in a postsurgical client and hemorrhage in a postpartum client being examples from the given scenarios. Hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes may also become collaborative if it leads to complications. the correct option is b. Infection in a postsurgical client
Step-by-step explanation:
Collaborative problems are those in which the intervention of multiple healthcare professionals and disciplines is necessary to manage the outcomes. Among the given options, b. Infection in a postsurgical client and c. Hemorrhage in a postpartum client are scenarios that are generally considered collaborative, due to the requirement for multidisciplinary intervention.
Infections after surgery may require the cooperation between surgeons, nurses, and perhaps infectious disease specialists, while hemorrhage in a postpartum client often involves obstetricians, midwives, and hematologists. Type 2 diabetes, renal failure, and emphysema are typically managed by a primary healthcare provider or specialist, such as an endocrinologist, nephrologist, or pulmonologist. However, these conditions may become collaborative problems when complications arise that necessitate a multidisciplinary approach.