Explanation:
the perfect square means to be in a form of
(x + a)²
which is
(x + a)² = (x + a)(x + a) = x² + 2ax + a²
now look at the pattern we were given above and compare :
x² + 24x + c
to
x² + 2ax + a²
x² = x² check
24x = 2ax
12x = ax
12 = a
c = a² = 12² = 144